Monday, September 28, 2009

First Night in Jerusalem

SEPTEMBER 24, 2009
Jerusalem, Israel

My first step out of the airport and into Israel was monumental. I had made it! Security would have to run to catch up with me now! I looked around to confirm that I had made it to the correct country. In a state of combined awe/relief to be out of the clutches of Israeli security, I stood outside of the airport’s high-tech automatic door and took a moment to absorb my surroundings. Never in my life have I seen so many Yamacas concentrated in one place! Location confirmed.

Red Jews, blue Jews, one Jew, two Jews!

Mediterranean Jews, Ethiopian Jews, Middle Eastern Jews, European Jews! It always blows my mind to see blondes speaking fluent Hebrew. I listened to the loud hum of colloquial Hebrew while attempting to decode the various signs (most of which are written in Hebrew, Arabic, and poor English transliteration) that lined the sparkling clean, shockingly not-trashed streets. Where to go to find the shuttle to Jerusalem?

Of course, this still being the Middle East, it wasn’t long before I was greeted by a barrage of Arab cab drivers who all courteously offered their services for “special price.” Fortunately I had learned enough from Cairo to know that “special price” is no different than “tourist price,” which usually translates to 3x “native price.”

Not wanting to be taken for a ride, I found a cozy little shuttle to Jerusalem. This shuttle wasn’t much different than a Sherut (the Hebrew name for a shared taxi), except it operated on a “leave-when-full” basis. This reminded me a bit of the public transportation system in Jordan, except Israeli Sherut drivers usually speak enough English to effectively communicate with overwhelmed American travelers. Sheruts, to their credit, also won’t drop you off on the side of isolated desert freeways (unless you ask).




As we were waiting to leave, I took a minute to examine my fellow passengers. Then I spotted him: a beautiful blonde Jewish boy, who I immediately presumed to be American. His golden locks swam out from underneath his Yamaca in a spirit of god-like perfection. I approached. “Hey! …I like your Yamaca.” He smiled shyly. “no English….Sorry. speak Hebrew?” I was shocked. No bakellum inkleezee?! We chatted casually in basic sentences for a few minutes, but I didn’t manage to find out more than that he is from Ashkelon (the Israeli city just north of Gaza that Hamas keeps shooting its missiles at) and is, in fact, Jewish.

Finally, after accommodating various drop-offs throughout Jerusalem, my shuttle pulled up next to the New Gate outside the Old City. The road to Jaffa Gate had been closed off for “security reasons.” Fortunately, a fellow passenger named Abe (short for Abraham) was kind enough to help drag my luggage to the Jaffa Gate Hostel. Abe, an orthodox Jew from Fresno, California, returns to Israel for Yom Kippur every year to lead tours for Jewish youth in the Old City. I credit him as the sole reason my toe is still intact after the strap on my forty-pound duffle bag full of terrorist literature broke.

We did eventually find Jaffa Gate Hostel. Energized by the celebrations outside, I felt inspired to walk around for a bit. I felt vaguely hungry and in remembering a really good hummus place in the area from my first visit to Jerusalem last September, I decided to check it out. Surprise! The venue is now occupied by a “Joseph’s Pizza.” I went inside.

“Hello can I help you?” “Yes, I’d like a slice of margarita please.” The man who I had ordered from walked up to my table. “How is your food?” “It’s good, thanks.” He introduced himself as Joseph. Though his family is originally from Cyprus, Joseph grew up in Jerusalem. He speaks fluent Arabic, Hebrew, English, and Greek.

Saturday, September 26, 2009

Security Interrogation at the Ben Gurion International Airport

SEPTEMBER 24, 2009
Tel Aviv, Israel

Since my arrival in Cairo late August of 2008, I have had the opportunity to travel extensively throughout the region of the Middle East known best as the “Holy Land.” I have traveled through countless border crossings and endured many a security checkpoint across Sinai, Jordan, Israel, and the Occupied Palestinian Territories.

As an 18-year-old female student with an American passport, I had never run into any major problems at any border. Even at the Israeli border, renowned for its rigorous interrogation procedures, security never deemed it necessary to approach me with more than the procedural light questioning: “Why do you want to go to Israel?” “Where will you go?” “What is your occupation?” “Do you know anyone in Israel?” “Where will you stay?” “How long will you be here?” Sure, it’s a bit more intense than what us Americans see at JFK or LAX, but as long as you’re not a threat to national security, you should be okay, right?

Wrong.

Nothing I had experienced in my travels could have begun to prepare me for the questing I would endure upon my arrival at the Ben Gurion International Airport in Tel Aviv-Yafo on September 24, 2009.

My fabulous flight from London, made memorable by a chorus of loudly crying babies (I was surrounded), a two-hour delay, and a sub-arctic cabin temperature, was made less memorable by the obnoxious amount of airline-quality red Bordeaux I drank. Suffice to say, the British flight attendant was kept very busy by my section of the plane: “Can I get you something to drink, anything at all?” “Can I get you some more wine, any at all?” “Would you like some water with that, any at all?” British people are funny.

We rolled into the Ben Gurion International Airport around 5:30 PM IST- about an hour after our scheduled arrival. Happily and still a bit buzzed (though not obviously), I strolled off the plane, looking forward to three months of exciting investigative research. Not so fast!

I spotted a group of officers from Shin Bet (Israeli’s internal security unit) waiting outside of my terminal. They scanned the large flood of passengers departing my flight. So far, no one had been stopped. Security continued to scan the crowd, but their gaze suddenly stopped on a particular person: 5’5, wavy dark brown hair, blue eyes, clearly sleep-deprived, of obvious Caucasian heritage. A female security officer approached and asked to see my passport. “Why do want to go to Israel?” “How long do you want to stay?” She flipped through my passport, examining my collection of visas, entry and exit stamps. “I see you have been here before? Why?” “Why were you in Jordan?” “What were you doing in Egypt for so long?” Seemingly unsatisfied by my answers, she told me to wait as she conferred with her colleagues in fast Hebrew. There was a tone of serious concern.

They decided to call back-up. “You wait here!” demanded the female officer. I was not particularly concerned at this point, so I got out my iPod. Fifteen minutes later a large male escort appeared. “Come with me.” He gestured for me to follow. “Please walk in front.” I was beginning to feel more and more like a suspected security threat.

Eventually we arrived at Passport Control, where I was intercepted by another officer, a large man named Yak. “Why do you want to go to Israel?” “Why are you here?” “How long do you plan to stay?” “Why do you want to stay so long?” “What are you going to do?” “Who is paying for it?” The questioning at this point was still fairly light, though a little more aggressive, and slightly more intrusive. Still unsatisfied with my answers, I was handed off to a blonde officer who began a more aggressive line of questions. “Why were you in Egypt for so long?” “Why did you go to school there?” “Can I see your student ID?” “What do you study?” “Why?” “Why are you learning Arabic?” “Do you have friends in Cairo?” “Who are they?” “Are you traveling alone?” “Why?” “Where are your friends?” “Why are you here?”

I answered each question as best I could. The blonde officer seemed to be unconvinced. “Please step away from the box.”

She picked up the phone and spoke in fast Hebrew for about two minutes. “Go with these men,” gesturing to my immediate right. Sure enough, there was a group of four burly male officers, waiting for me to follow. “We are very sorry for this inconvenience.” They led me into a large closet-like room with blank walls and about a dozen chairs. “Please sit here.” Two Arab Muslim men sat across from me and glumly waited to be called into the special questioning room.

A little while later, I found myself sitting across a desk from a large but overall-pleasant looking female Israeli security officer. She asked me to explain my situation; who I am, my background, why I want to visit Israel, why I am here, who my contacts are, what my intentions are for the next three months. Finally, she smiled at me and calmly said “Thank you for your time. Welcome to Israel.” I was shocked. “That’s it?” I was surprised that after all that questioning, they were just going to let me go like that. Too good to be true, right? Right.

As I was walking toward the baggage claim, I was once again intercepted by a group of officers. One of them was Yak, and Yak had brought friends! After yet another round of intense questioning, they asked whether I had an Israeli guidebook that I could show them. I reached into my bag and fumbled through it to find my Lonely Planet guide. Let’s just say I should have left Voices of Hezbollah and Jihad in the check-in luggage. Whoops. As I emptied the contents of my bag, Yak’s scrawny friend caught a glimpse of my book selection and gasped in broken English “WHAT are you STUDYING?!??!”

I was led to another room in which questioning continued. I think the only new questions were “Who is your father?” and “Who is the father of your father?” This officer also asked for my basic contact information including phone numbers and e-mail address. I was directed to another “waiting room” with blank white walls, where I would await further questioning.

Half an hour later, I found myself sitting across a polished desk from the Chief of Security. An intense Ashkenazi Jew with strikingly good looks, Ariel’s glare could kill. In front of him sat a piece of paper with my picture as well as information gathered by the previous officers. The paper was covered in scribbled Hebrew writing.

“Before we begin, please bear in mind that I am the last step between entry into Israel and deportation. My colleagues have referred you here because they think there is something ‘not quite right’ with your story. We are concerned that you may be entering Israel to partake in illegal activities. I will determine this. I am the final say.”

Bewildered, I informed him (once again) that I would be in Israel to conduct research.

Ariel: “From this point on, I want you to assume that we know everything.”

You can only imagine my shock. “Excuse me?”

Ariel: “I want you to be completely honest. Be careful what you tell me. If what you say does not match with what I know from my research, I will have no choice but to send you back.”

I reiterated everything I had told the previous Shin Bet officers. After I gave him my San Diego home phone number, my Egyptian cell phone number, and my American cell phone number, we went through my contacts, text messages, and phone calls (“incoming,” “outgoing,” and missed”). I was asked to give a short biography of each person.

All of this was followed by a full examination of my digital camera. As Ariel was flipping through my pictures from Jordan, he came across a picture of me drinking tea with a Bedouin in Wadi Rum. “Who is this?!” he demanded. I explained that it was just a Bedouin I met on a trip through Jordan. “Do you have his contact information?” I shook my head.

Ariel looked down at my printed profile. “Is this your only e-mail address?” I quickly wrote down my two others (AUC and UNASD). Half-smiling, he said, “Thank you for your time, Ms. Logan. I hope you have been completely honest with us. I will conduct the rest of my research and let you know my decision.”

I returned to the blank-walled waiting room. Twenty minutes later, after a tedious three and a half hours of questioning, an Israeli officer entered the room and handed me my passport. I opened it to find a three-month visa and airport security clearance.

Friday, September 25, 2009

A Church of Many Names

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009
Jerusalem, Israel

I have seen many impressive buildings in my lifetime. There are few that can compete with the historical and religious magnificence that is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Also known as “Golgotha” (the Hill of Calvary) by many Christians, or the “Church of the Resurrection” by Eastern Christians, it is venerated as one of Christianity’s most holy sites. Christian pilgrims have flocked to the Old City since the 4th century CE to pay homage to the site at which Jesus Christ, son of God, was stripped of his clothing, nailed to a cross, and crucified by the Romans. It is also, according to tradition, the burial site of Jesus Christ (the Sepulchre) as well as the place at which the Resurrection occurred.



The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, originally a temple for Aphrodite, proudly overlooked the Old City for over eight hundred years- from its construction in the second century CE, to its destruction at the hands of Fatamid caliph al-Hakim in 1009. Al-Hakim, supposedly, “was aggrieved by the scale of the Easter pilgrimage to Jerusalem, which was caused specially by the annual miracle of the Holy Fire within the Sepulchre.” (Christian writer Yahya ibn Sa’id) Still, the destruction of the church “was only part of a general campaign against Christian places in Palestine and Egypt.” Other major churches damaged in the raid include the Church of St. George. Little did al-Hakim know that his precious slash-and-burn fest would be cited by Pope Urban II, in 1095, as one of the foremost “justifications” for the First Crusade.

Reconstruction was funded by Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX and the church was completed, though not nearly to its original splendor, in 1048 CE. It stood untouched through the Crusades, conquered by Salah al-Din (Saladin) in 1187, and later became the seat of the first Latin Patriarchs.

Now, here I am, a thousand years later, in 2009 (exactly one millennium after al-Hakim’s little raid), sitting in a quiet corner next to “The Prison of Christ.” Just upstairs is the “Calvary,” where one can view the approximate place at which Jesus is believed to have been 1) stripped of his clothing, 2) nailed to the cross, and 3) raised to the cross and crucified.


(where Jesus was nailed to the cross)


(where Jesus was crucified)


(the Edicule at the center of the church)


(Church of the Holy Sepulchre from the outside)

One of the first things I noticed upon entering the church is the solemn atmosphere. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, marking the place of Jesus’s death, is most certainly a place of mourning. The constant unmelodious hum of monastic chant pervades throughout the interior as pilgrims light candles as a symbolic gesture of lifelong dedication to Jesus Christ.


(the Stone of Anointing- marks where Jesus was prepared for burial by Joseph of Arimathea)

This atmosphere was much different from what I had witnessed at the Church of the Nativity (which was allegedly built upon the birthplace of Jesus Christ) during my visits to Bethlehem last December and January. The Church of the Nativity is a place of rejoicing, of celebration. I recall walking in on a sermon directed to a large group of Nigerian pilgrims that ended on a melodious note with a group rendition of “Silent Night.”